青岛朗阁托福听力中的常见的化学问题（下）

摘要： 托福听力中的常见的化学问题汇总

　　上节内容中，青岛朗阁为同学们带来了朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师为同学们分析的托福听力中出现的化学学术问题，下面我们继续上节内容，看看托福听力中还有哪些常考题：
 

　　比如TPO 10 Lecture 3中提到：

　　The water phase is sometime affected by excessive fertilizers. If not all of phosphorus gets used by the crops and larger amounts of phosphorus gets into the rivers. This could cause a rapid growth of water plants in the river, which can lead to the water waste getting clogged with organisms, which can change the flow of the water. Some current studies are looking at these effects and I really do hope we can find the way to deal with this issue before these ecosystems are adversely affected.

　　这边来科普一下，托福听力文章中讲到的水体富营养化。水体富营养化是指在人类活动的影响下，生物所需的氮、磷等营养矿物质大量进入湖泊、河流湖、海湾等缓流水体，引起藻类及其他浮游生物迅速繁殖，水体溶解氧量下降，水质恶化，鱼类及其他生物大量死亡的现象。

　　环环相扣，algae藻类也经常和元素搭配着一起考，比如说在TPO 26 Lecture 2 Biology的文章中就是如此：

　　4. According to the professor, what important function do diatoms serve?

　　A. They alter cadmium so it is less toxic to humans.

　　B. They help cycle zinc in places where it is scarce.

　　C. They distribute carbon throughout the ocean.

　　D. They remove cadmium from the ocean floor.

　　答案选择C, 出现了carbon碳。
 

　　常见的科学探测方法除了spectroscopy和metal detector以外，还有ultraviolet紫外线，infrared远红外线，ray射线等，考生如果能够对于这些科学技术进行前期了解，清楚托福听力文章中可能会讲点什么，那么肯定会事半功倍。

　　若是熟悉这些科学技术的话，那么一般情况，我们就会在做托福听力题过程中得到一些思路，比如TPO 15 Lecture 3第五题，就考到了关于探测技术的题目，从整理出来的艺术类常考的技术，我们大概可以预判出其中C选项ultraviolet和D选项X-ray是可能的考点或者说答案。

　　5. What does the professor imply about the various techniques used to view Archimedes’ text?

　　A. The students should be familiar with most of the techniques

　　B. Different techniques were used to analyze the iron content on ancient ink

　　C. The use of ultraviolet light was more damaging than the other techniques

　　D. X-ray imaging was more effective than the other techniques
 

　　自然科学(Physical Science), 包括物理、化学、地质等，这些相对来说在托福听力的考察范围中比较难，也就会涉及到很多科学技术相关的内容并且考到题目。

　　在TPO 30 Lecture 3 Astronomy天文学文章中，就是这种案例。

　　托福听力元素相关内容：文章首先讲到一种叫做“Jarosite”的物质，在解释过程中说的是Jarosite is a yellowish brown mineral with a crystalline structure that's also found on Earth.黄色的晶状体矿物质It contains iron, potassium and hydroxide. 含有铁、钾和氢氧化物。The interesting thing is that on Earth at least it needs highly acidic water to form. 在地球上需要酸性很强的水才能形成这种结构。

　　相关技术：

　　There is a new instrument called the micro-fabricated organic analyzer, or MOA. The organic analyzer is an amazing tool. It will be able to collect soil samples and analyze them right there on mars, pure, untouched samples. It will let us eliminate the risk we would take of contaminating the samples if they were brought back to Earth.

　　这种技术能直接在火星上采集土壤样本进行分析，以保持样本的纯净。

　　综上，考生还可以参考TPO 31 Lecture 3, TPO 31 Lecture 4文章内容，都讲到了化学元素的相关内容。在托福听力考试中，大多数考生备考都会从大范围的开始，但是事实上，小细节的考点也会给到很多的备考思路以及常见的段落内容考查形式，以便于在听到托福听力的类似文章内容时，能够有内容借鉴。

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